Aluminij
13
Al
Skupina
13
Perioda
3
Blok
p
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
13
13
14
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
13
Atomska teža
26,9815386
Masno število
27
Kategorija
Šibke kovine
Barva
Srebrna
Radioaktivno
Ne
From the Latin word alumen, alum
Kristalna struktura
Ploskovno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
In 1761, Guyton de Morveau proposed the name alumine for the base in alum, and Antoine Lavoisier, in 1787, thought this to be the oxide of a still undiscovered metal.
Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.
Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.
Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.
Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.
Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 3
Razporeditev elektronov
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Aluminum does not stick to magnets under normal conditions
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
2,698 g/cm3
Tališče
933,47 K | 660,32 °C | 1220,58 °F
Vrelišče
2792,15 K | 2519 °C | 4566,2 °F
Talilna toplota
10,7 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
293 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,897 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
8,1%
Zastopanost v vesolju
0,005%
CAS številka
7429-90-5
PubChem CID številka
5359268
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
143 pm
Kovalentni polmer
121 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,61 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
5,9858 eV
Atomski volumen
9,98 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
2,37 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
1, 3
Uporabe
Aluminum is used in an extensive range of products from drinks cans to window frames and boats to aircraft.
It is used in electrical transmission lines.
It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.
When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
It is used in electrical transmission lines.
It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.
When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
Aluminum is not known to be toxic
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
27AlNestabilni izotopi
21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al