Iridij
77
Ir
Skupina
9
Perioda
6
Blok
d
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
77
77
115
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
77
Atomska teža
192,217
Masno število
192
Kategorija
Prehodne kovine
Barva
Srebrna
Radioaktivno
Ne
From the Latin word iris meaning rainbow
Kristalna struktura
Ploskovno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Iridium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 18, 32, 15, 2
Razporeditev elektronov
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2
Iridium is the most corrosion-resistant metal known
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
22,56 g/cm3
Tališče
2739,15 K | 2466 °C | 4470,8 °F
Vrelišče
4701,15 K | 4428 °C | 8002,4 °F
Talilna toplota
26 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
560 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,131 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
4×10-8%
Zastopanost v vesolju
2×10-7%
CAS številka
7439-88-5
PubChem CID številka
23924
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
136 pm
Kovalentni polmer
141 pm
Elektronegativnost
2,2 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
8,967 eV
Atomski volumen
8,54 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
1,47 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-3, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Uporabe
Iridium is used in making crucibles and other equipment that is used at high temperatures.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is also used as a hardening agent in platinum alloys.
Its resistance to arc erosion makes iridium alloys ideal for electrical contacts for spark plugs.
Radioactive isotopes of iridium are used in radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
Iridium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
191Ir, 193IrNestabilni izotopi
164Ir, 165Ir, 166Ir, 167Ir, 168Ir, 169Ir, 170Ir, 171Ir, 172Ir, 173Ir, 174Ir, 175Ir, 176Ir, 177Ir, 178Ir, 179Ir, 180Ir, 181Ir, 182Ir, 183Ir, 184Ir, 185Ir, 186Ir, 187Ir, 188Ir, 189Ir, 190Ir, 192Ir, 194Ir, 195Ir, 196Ir, 197Ir, 198Ir, 199Ir