Osmij
76
Os
Skupina
8
Perioda
6
Blok
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
76
76
114
General Properties
Vrstno število
76
Atomska teža
190,23
Mass Number
190
Kategorija
Prehodne kovine
Barva
Slate Gray
Radioactive
Ne
From the Greek word osme, meaning smell
Kristalna struktura
Heksagonalna
Zgodovina
Osmium was discovered in 1803 by English chemist Smithson Tennant in London.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Chemists who studied platinum dissolved it in aqua regia to create soluble salts and observed a small amount of a dark, insoluble residue.
Smithson Tennant analyzed the insoluble residue and concluded that it must contain a new metal.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2
Razporeditev elektronov
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2
Osmium is the least abundant stable element in the Earth's crust
Physical Properties
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
22,61 g/cm3
Tališče
3306,15 K | 3033 °C | 5491,4 °F
Vrelišče
5285,15 K | 5012 °C | 9053,6 °F
Talilna toplota
31 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
630 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,13 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
1,8×10-7%
Abundance in Universe
3×10-7%
Zasluge za slike: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Osmium crystals produced by chemical transport reaction in chlorine gas
CAS Number
7440-04-2
PubChem CID Number
23937
Atomic Properties
Atomski polmer
135 pm
Kovalentni polmer
144 pm
Elektronegativnost
2,2 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionization Potential
8,4382 eV
Atomic Volume
8,49 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,876 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Applications
Osmium is used alloyed with other metals in the platinum group to produce very hard alloys.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Osmium alloys are used in the tips of fountain pens, instrument pivots, and electrical contacts
Osmium tetroxide has been used in fingerprint detection and in staining fatty tissue for optical and electron microscopy.
Even low concentrations in air can cause lung congestion, skin damage, or eye damage
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
184Os, 187Os, 188Os, 189Os, 190Os, 192OsUnstable Isotopes
161Os, 162Os, 163Os, 164Os, 165Os, 166Os, 167Os, 168Os, 169Os, 170Os, 171Os, 172Os, 173Os, 174Os, 175Os, 176Os, 177Os, 178Os, 179Os, 180Os, 181Os, 182Os, 183Os, 185Os, 186Os, 191Os, 193Os, 194Os, 195Os, 196Os