Niobij
41
Nb
Skupina
5
Perioda
5
Blok
d
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
41
41
52
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
41
Atomska teža
92,90638
Masno število
93
Kategorija
Prehodne kovine
Barva
Siva
Radioaktivno
Ne
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
Kristalna struktura
Telesno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Razporeditev elektronov
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
8,57 g/cm3
Tališče
2750,15 K | 2477 °C | 4490,6 °F
Vrelišče
5017,15 K | 4744 °C | 8571,2 °F
Talilna toplota
26,8 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
690 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,265 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
0,0017%
Zastopanost v vesolju
2×10-7%
CAS številka
7440-03-1
PubChem CID številka
23936
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
146 pm
Kovalentni polmer
164 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,6 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
6,7589 eV
Atomski volumen
10,87 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,537 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Uporabe
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
93NbNestabilni izotopi
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb