Niobij
41
Nb
Skupina
5
Perioda
5
Blok
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
41
41
52
General Properties
Vrstno število
41
Atomska teža
92,90638
Mass Number
93
Kategorija
Prehodne kovine
Barva
Gray
Radioactive
Ne
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
Kristalna struktura
Telesno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Razporeditev elektronov
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
Physical Properties
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
8,57 g/cm3
Tališče
2750,15 K | 2477 °C | 4490,6 °F
Vrelišče
5017,15 K | 4744 °C | 8571,2 °F
Talilna toplota
26,8 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
690 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,265 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0017%
Abundance in Universe
2×10-7%
CAS Number
7440-03-1
PubChem CID Number
23936
Atomic Properties
Atomski polmer
146 pm
Kovalentni polmer
164 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,6 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionization Potential
6,7589 eV
Atomic Volume
10,87 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,537 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Applications
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
93NbUnstable Isotopes
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb