Itrij

39
Y
Skupina
3
Perioda
5
Blok
d
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
39
39
50
General Properties
Vrstno število
39
Atomska teža
88,90585
Mass Number
89
Kategorija
Prehodne kovine
Barva
Silver
Radioactive
Ne
Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden near Vauxholm
Kristalna struktura
Heksagonalna
Zgodovina
In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius found a new mineral near Ytterby in Sweden and named it ytterbite, after the village.

Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.

Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Razporeditev elektronov
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Y
Finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air
Physical Properties
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
4,469 g/cm3
Tališče
1799,15 K | 1526 °C | 2778,8 °F
Vrelišče
3609,15 K | 3336 °C | 6036,8 °F
Talilna toplota
11,4 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
380 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,298 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0029%
Abundance in Universe
7×10-7%
High
Zasluge za slike: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
High purity yttrium
CAS Number
7440-65-5
PubChem CID Number
23993
Atomic Properties
Atomski polmer
180 pm
Kovalentni polmer
190 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,22 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionization Potential
6,2173 eV
Atomic Volume
19,8 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,172 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
1, 2, 3
Applications
Yttrium is often used in alloys, increasing the strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys.

Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.

It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.

Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
89Y
Unstable Isotopes
76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y