Litij
3
Li
Skupina
1
Perioda
2
Blok
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
3
3
4
General Properties
Vrstno število
3
Atomska teža
6,941
Mass Number
7
Kategorija
Alkalijske kovine
Barva
Silver
Radioactive
Ne
From the Greek word lithos, stone
Kristalna struktura
Telesno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfvedson in 1817 when he was analyzing minerals from the island of Uto in Sweden.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
Electrons per shell
2, 1
Razporeditev elektronov
[He] 2s1
Lithium is the only metal which reacts with nitrogen under normal conditions
Physical Properties
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
0,534 g/cm3
Tališče
453,69 K | 180,54 °C | 356,97 °F
Vrelišče
1615,15 K | 1342 °C | 2447,6 °F
Talilna toplota
3 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
147 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
3,582 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
0,0017%
Abundance in Universe
6×10-7%
CAS Number
7439-93-2
PubChem CID Number
3028194
Atomic Properties
Atomski polmer
152 pm
Kovalentni polmer
128 pm
Elektronegativnost
0,98 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionization Potential
5,3917 eV
Atomic Volume
13,10 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,847 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
1
Applications
Pure lithium metal is used in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium is corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
6Li, 7LiUnstable Isotopes
4Li, 5Li, 8Li, 9Li, 10Li, 11Li, 12Li