Kalij
19
K
Skupina
1
Perioda
4
Blok
s
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
19
19
20
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
19
Atomska teža
39,0983
Masno število
39
Kategorija
Alkalijske kovine
Barva
Srebrna
Radioaktivno
Ne
From the English word, potash - pot ashes; Latin kalium, Arab qali, alkali
Kristalna struktura
Telesno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 8, 1
Razporeditev elektronov
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
0,862 g/cm3
Tališče
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Vrelišče
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Talilna toplota
2,33 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
76,9 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,757 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
1,5%
Zastopanost v vesolju
0,0003%
CAS številka
7440-09-7
PubChem CID številka
5462222
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
227 pm
Kovalentni polmer
203 pm
Elektronegativnost
0,82 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
4,3407 eV
Atomski volumen
45,46 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
1,024 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-1, 1
Uporabe
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
39K, 41KNestabilni izotopi
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K