Kalij
19
K
Skupina
1
Perioda
4
Blok
s
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
19
19
20
General Properties
Vrstno število
19
Atomska teža
39,0983
Mass Number
39
Kategorija
Alkalijske kovine
Barva
Silver
Radioactive
Ne
From the English word, potash - pot ashes; Latin kalium, Arab qali, alkali
Kristalna struktura
Telesno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Potassium's symbol K comes from 'kalium' the name of the element in Germany and Scandinavia.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Potassium metal was first isolated in 1807 by Sir Humphry Davy, who derived it from caustic potash by the use of electrolysis of the molten salt with the newly discovered voltaic pile.
Potassium was the first metal that was isolated by electrolysis.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 8, 1
Razporeditev elektronov
[Ar] 4s1
People whose diets are low in potassium can suffer from hypokalemia
Physical Properties
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
0,862 g/cm3
Tališče
336,53 K | 63,38 °C | 146,08 °F
Vrelišče
1032,15 K | 759 °C | 1398,2 °F
Talilna toplota
2,33 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
76,9 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,757 J/g·K
Abundance in Earth's crust
1,5%
Abundance in Universe
0,0003%
CAS Number
7440-09-7
PubChem CID Number
5462222
Atomic Properties
Atomski polmer
227 pm
Kovalentni polmer
203 pm
Elektronegativnost
0,82 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionization Potential
4,3407 eV
Atomic Volume
45,46 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
1,024 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-1, 1
Applications
The greatest demand for potash has been in its use for fertilizers.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and is found in most soils.
Potassium nitrate is the main explosive ingredient in gunpowder.
Potassium hydroxide is used in the manufacture of soft soaps and as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries.
Potassium must be handled with great care with full skin and eye protection
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
39K, 41KUnstable Isotopes
32K, 33K, 34K, 35K, 36K, 37K, 38K, 40K, 42K, 43K, 44K, 45K, 46K, 47K, 48K, 49K, 50K, 51K, 52K, 53K, 54K, 55K