Plutonij

94
Pu
Skupina
n/a
Perioda
7
Blok
f
Protons
Electrons
Neutrons
94
94
150
General Properties
Vrstno število
94
Atomska teža
[244]
Mass Number
244
Kategorija
Aktinoidi
Barva
Silver
Radioactive
Da
Named after the planet Pluto
Kristalna struktura
Primitivna monolinska
Zgodovina
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.

Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.

The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Electrons per shell
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Razporeditev elektronov
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Pu
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Physical Properties
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
19,816 g/cm3
Tališče
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Vrelišče
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Talilna toplota
n/a
Izparilna toplota
325 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
-
Abundance in Earth's crust
n/a
Abundance in Universe
n/a
A
Zasluge za slike: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS Number
7440-07-5
PubChem CID Number
23940
Atomic Properties
Atomski polmer
159 pm
Kovalentni polmer
187 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,28 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionization Potential
6,0262 eV
Atomic Volume
12,32 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,0674 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Applications
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.

Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.

Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotopes
Stable Isotopes
-
Unstable Isotopes
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu