Talij
81
Tl
Skupina
13
Perioda
6
Blok
p
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
81
81
123
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
81
Atomska teža
204,3833
Masno število
204
Kategorija
Šibke kovine
Barva
Srebrna
Radioaktivno
Ne
From Greek thallos, meanin a green shoot or twig
Kristalna struktura
Heksagonalna
Zgodovina
Thallium was discovered spectroscopically by Sir William Crookes in 1861, in London.
In 1862, Claude-Auguste Lamy used a spectrometer to determine the composition of a selenium-containing substance which was deposited during the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite.
He noticed the new green line in the spectra and concluded that a new element was present.
In 1862, Claude-Auguste Lamy used a spectrometer to determine the composition of a selenium-containing substance which was deposited during the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite.
He noticed the new green line in the spectra and concluded that a new element was present.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
Razporeditev elektronov
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Agatha Christie made use of thallium's toxicity in her novel The Pale Horse
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
11,85 g/cm3
Tališče
577,15 K | 304 °C | 579,2 °F
Vrelišče
1746,15 K | 1473 °C | 2683,4 °F
Talilna toplota
4,2 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
165 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,129 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
0,000053%
Zastopanost v vesolju
5×10-8%
CAS številka
7440-28-0
PubChem CID številka
5359464
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
170 pm
Kovalentni polmer
145 pm
Elektronegativnost
1,62 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
6,1082 eV
Atomski volumen
17,2 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,461 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
1, 3
Uporabe
Thallium selenide has been used in a bolometer for infrared detection.
Thallium is also used in gamma radiation detection equipment.
Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is used in the manufacture of photo cells.
Some of the electrodes in dissolved oxygen analyzers contain thallium.
Thallium is also used in gamma radiation detection equipment.
Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is used in the manufacture of photo cells.
Some of the electrodes in dissolved oxygen analyzers contain thallium.
Thallium and its compounds are highly toxic
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
203Tl, 205TlNestabilni izotopi
176Tl, 177Tl, 178Tl, 179Tl, 180Tl, 181Tl, 182Tl, 183Tl, 184Tl, 185Tl, 186Tl, 187Tl, 188Tl, 189Tl, 190Tl, 191Tl, 192Tl, 193Tl, 194Tl, 195Tl, 196Tl, 197Tl, 198Tl, 199Tl, 200Tl, 201Tl, 202Tl, 204Tl, 206Tl, 207Tl, 208Tl, 209Tl, 210Tl, 211Tl, 212Tl