Jod
53
I
Skupina
17
Perioda
5
Blok
p
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
53
53
74
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
53
Atomska teža
126,90447
Masno število
127
Kategorija
Halogeni
Barva
Skrilavčevo siva
Radioaktivno
Ne
From the Greek word iodes, violet
Kristalna struktura
Osnovno centrirana ortorombska
Zgodovina
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Razporeditev elektronov
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
4,93 g/cm3
Tališče
386,85 K | 113,7 °C | 236,66 °F
Vrelišče
457,4 K | 184,25 °C | 363,65 °F
Talilna toplota
7,76 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
20,9 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,214 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
0,000049%
Zastopanost v vesolju
1×10-7%
CAS številka
7553-56-2
PubChem CID številka
807
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
140 pm
Kovalentni polmer
139 pm
Elektronegativnost
2,66 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
10,4513 eV
Atomski volumen
25,74 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,00449 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
Uporabe
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
127INestabilni izotopi
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I