Paladij
46
Pd
Skupina
10
Perioda
5
Blok
d
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
46
46
60
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
46
Atomska teža
106,42
Masno število
106
Kategorija
Prehodne kovine
Barva
Srebrna
Radioaktivno
Ne
Palladium was named after the asteroid Pallas; Pallas was the Greek goddess of wisdom
Kristalna struktura
Ploskovno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
Palladium was discovered in 1803, in London, by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 18, 18
Razporeditev elektronov
[Kr] 4d10
In the late 1800s, palladium was more expensive than platinum
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
12,02 g/cm3
Tališče
1828,05 K | 1554,9 °C | 2830,82 °F
Vrelišče
3236,15 K | 2963 °C | 5365,4 °F
Talilna toplota
16,7 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
380 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,244 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
6,3×10-7%
Zastopanost v vesolju
2×10-7%
CAS številka
7440-05-3
PubChem CID številka
23938
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
137 pm
Kovalentni polmer
139 pm
Elektronegativnost
2,2 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
8,3369 eV
Atomski volumen
8,9 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,718 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
2, 4
Uporabe
The largest use of palladium is in catalytic converters in the automobile industry.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Palladium is considered to be of low toxicity
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
102Pd, 104Pd, 105Pd, 106Pd, 108Pd, 110PdNestabilni izotopi
91Pd, 92Pd, 93Pd, 94Pd, 95Pd, 96Pd, 97Pd, 98Pd, 99Pd, 100Pd, 101Pd, 103Pd, 107Pd, 109Pd, 111Pd, 112Pd, 113Pd, 114Pd, 115Pd, 116Pd, 117Pd, 118Pd, 119Pd, 120Pd, 121Pd, 122Pd, 123Pd, 124Pd