Rubidij
37
Rb
Skupina
1
Perioda
5
Blok
s
Protoni
Elektroni
Nevtroni
37
37
48
Splošne lastnosti
Vrstno število
37
Atomska teža
85,4678
Masno število
85
Kategorija
Alkalijske kovine
Barva
Srebrna
Radioaktivno
Ne
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Kristalna struktura
Telesno centrirana kubična
Zgodovina
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Elektroni po lupinah
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Razporeditev elektronov
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Fizikalne lastnosti
Faza snovi
Trdnina
Gostota
1,532 g/cm3
Tališče
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Vrelišče
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Talilna toplota
2,19 kJ/mol
Izparilna toplota
72 kJ/mol
Toplotna kapaciteta
0,363 J/g·K
Zastopanost v Zemljini skorji
0,006%
Zastopanost v vesolju
1×10-6%
CAS številka
7440-17-7
PubChem CID številka
5357696
Atomske lastnosti
Atomski polmer
248 pm
Kovalentni polmer
220 pm
Elektronegativnost
0,82 (Paulingova lestvica)
Ionizacijski potencial
4,1771 eV
Atomski volumen
55,9 cm3/mol
Toplotna prevodnost
0,582 W/cm·K
Oksidacijska stanja
-1, 1
Uporabe
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Izotopi
Stabilni izotopi
85RbNestabilni izotopi
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb